Which statement best differentiates AML from CML based on the source content?

Which statement best differentiates AML from CML based on the source content?

• A. AML is defined by uncontrolled production of immature white blood cells in the bone marrow; CML is associated with a myeloid cell proliferation often linked to the Philadelphia chromosome.
• B. AML involves mature red blood cells; CML involves lymphoid cells.
• C. AML occurs only in children; CML only in adults.
• D. AML is not cancer; CML is not cancer.

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that AML and CML differ in how mature the leukemic cells are and in a key genetic marker. Acute myeloid leukemia is driven by uncontrolled production of immature myeloid cells (blasts) in the bone marrow, causing rapid disease buildup and symptoms from insufficient normal blood cells. Chronic myeloid leukemia, in contrast, involves proliferation of myeloid cells that are more mature and follows a slower, chronic course; a hallmark feature is the Philadelphia chromosome, a BCR-ABL fusion from a t(9;22) translocation that drives the disease. This genetic clue is not seen in AML and helps explain the distinct biology and treatment approaches. The other statements don’t fit because they misstate the lineage or age pattern, or classify these conditions as non-cancer, which isn’t accurate for leukemias.

The main idea is that AML and CML differ in how mature the leukemic cells are and in a key genetic marker. Acute myeloid leukemia is driven by uncontrolled production of immature myeloid cells (blasts) in the bone marrow, causing rapid disease buildup and symptoms from insufficient normal blood cells. Chronic myeloid leukemia, in contrast, involves proliferation of myeloid cells that are more mature and follows a slower, chronic course; a hallmark feature is the Philadelphia chromosome, a BCR-ABL fusion from a t(9;22) translocation that drives the disease. This genetic clue is not seen in AML and helps explain the distinct biology and treatment approaches.

The other statements don’t fit because they misstate the lineage or age pattern, or classify these conditions as non-cancer, which isn’t accurate for leukemias.